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On this page find illustrations of ceramic projects to illustrate these art and design elements. The best thing is to use photos of your own work as examples, but you can use pictures from the internet.

The Art Elements
The  Elements of formal analysis are  building blocks that can be combined to create a larger structure.

Line
is the most basic building block of formal analysis. Line  can be used to create more complex shapes or to lead  your eye from one area in  the composition to another.

Value
is the degree of light and dark in a design.  It is the  contrast between black and white and all the tones in  between. Value can be  used with color as well as black and white.  Contrast is the extreme changes  between values.

Shape
is created when lines are combined to form a square,  triangle, or circle. Shapes can be organic (irregular shapes  found in nature)  or geometric (shapes with strong lines and angles such as circles, triangles,  and squares).

Form
is a three-dimensional shape with length, width, and depth.  Balls, cylinders, boxes and pyramids are forms.

Space
is the area between and around objects.  Increasing or  decreasing the amount of space around an object affects  the way
we view that  object.

Color
differentiates and defines lines, shapes, forms, and space.  Even black and white images have a huge number of  different
shades of gray.

Texture
is the surface quality that can be seen andelt. Textures  can be rough or smooth, soft or hard. Textures are often implied. For instance,  a drawing of a rock might appear to have a  rough and hard surface, but in  reality is as smooth as the paper on  which it is drawn.


Principles of Design

Balance
 
is created in a work of art when textures,  colors, forms,  or shapes  are combined harmoniously. In this image,  notice how the photographer   achieves a sense of balance by dividing the  image into two sections:  one half  occupied by trees, and the other  half by the water.

Contrast
  is the use of  elements of design that do not seem to go together to  hold the  viewer's attention and to guide the viewer's eye through the   artwork by creating visual tension. In an  image, elements that are  quite different show contrast.

Movement
  is the way a viewer's eye is directed to  move through a  composition,  often to areas of emphasis. Movement can be  directed by lines,   contrasting shapes, or colors within the artwork.

Emphasis
or focus  is created in a work of art when the artist  contrasts  colors,  textures, or shapes to direct your viewing towards a  particular part of   the image.


Pattern
 is the repetition of a shape, form, or  texture across a  work of art.

Rhythm
 is the repetition of pattern to create the expectation that the pattern will continue.

Proportion  & Scale
is created when the sizes of elements in a  work of art are  combined  harmoniously. Sometimes changes in Scale - making large things small or  large things small - can change or perceptions.


Unity or Harmony 
is created when the principles of analysis are  present in a   composition and in harmony - things go together. Some images have a  complete  sense of unity, while  some artists deliberately avoid formal  unity to  create feelings of tension and  anxiety. Unity is the other end of the spectrum from
contrast.
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